The improvement of micronucleus test method / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To simplify and optimize the micronucleus test method. Methods The preparation process of micronucleus test was simplified and optimized. In the improved method, the superfine solution was directly absorbed and discarded after cell culture, and then potassium chloride solution was added for hypotonic treatment. Then pre-fixation, centrifugation. Once the centrifugation was completed, the cells which fixed only once were directly dropped to the slide. Results The background of the slides was clear and the cells were slightly darker, but the observation of cells and micronucleus was not affected. There were a lot of binuclear cells, which can meet the counting requirements. With oil and high magnification, the image wais clearer and the background was cleaner. The cytoplasmic integrity rate, cell stain rate and the average number of cells per high magnification field of cells by the improvement method were significantly increased compared with that by the traditional methods, the probability P values were 0.0051 (χ2=7.8375), 0.0140 (χ2=6.0437) and 0.0025 (t=3.0951), respectively. The rate of micronucleus cells and cells group index had no statistical significance compared with the traditional method, the probability P values were 0.7749 (χ2=0.0817) and 0.5152 (U =0.0000), respectively. Conclusion The new method is more simple, easier to control the test quality, more reliable test results, and save time, manpower and material resources.

Reduction in thyroid dose from neck CT angiography with 64-slice spiral CT with automatic tube current modulation technique / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To assess the effectiveness of Z-axis automatic tube current modulation ( ATCM) technique with respect to dose reduction and image noise in the thyroid regional tissues during neck computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods A total of 140 patients underwent neck CTA with 64-slice spiral CT, and were randomized into fixed-tube current group and ATCM group. Objective noise, CTDIw, DLP and mA of each group were recorded. Results The image qualities of all the patients were diagnostically acceptable, though the objective noise of neck in the ATCM group was higher than that in the group of fixed-tube current (P＜ 0.05 ). The radiation doses in the ATCM group [ CTDIw (35.99±1.31 ) mGy, DLP (11 121.39 ±5.51) mGy·cm] were significantly inferior to those in the group of fixed tube current [ CTDIw (43.22±1.42) mGy, DLP (1514.45±5.56) mGy·cm]. Conclusions Compared with fixedtube current technique, ATCM technique could significantly reduce the radiation dose in neck CT with diagnostic acceptability of the image quality.

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Diffuse Spinal Bone Marrow Infiltration in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of the dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters of diffuse spinal bone marrow infiltration in patients with hematological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of the lumbar spine was performed in 26 patients with histologically proven diffuse bone marrow infiltration, including multiple myeloma (n = 6), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 6), acute myeloid leukemia (n = 5), chronic myeloid leukemia (n = 7), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 2). Twenty subjects whose spinal MRI was normal, made up the control group. Peak enhancement percentage (Emax), enhancement slope (ES), and time to peak (TTP) were determined from a time-intensity curve (TIC) of lumbar vertebral bone marrow. A comparison between baseline and follow-up MR images and its histological correlation were evaluated in 10 patients. The infiltration grade of hematopoietic marrow with plasma cells was evaluated by a histological assessment of bone marrow. RESULTS: Differences in Emax, ES, and TTP values between the control group and the patients with diffuse bone marrow infiltration were significant (t = -11.51, -9.81 and 3.91, respectively, p 0.05). A positive correlation was found between Emax, ES values and the histological grade of bone marrow infiltration (r = 0.86 and 0.84 respectively, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was found between the TTP values and bone marrow infiltration histological grade (r = -0.54, p < 0.01). A decrease in the Emax and ES values was observed with increased TTP values after treatment in all of the 10 patients who responded to treatment (t = -7.92, -4.55, and 5.12, respectively, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: DCE-MRI of spine can be a useful tool in detecting diffuse marrow infiltration of hematological malignancies, while its parameters including Emax, ES, and TTP can reflect the malignancies' histological grade.

Research and implementation of picture archiving and communication system (PACS) based on B/S mode / 生物医学工程学杂志

In this paper, with B/S application and architecture, an integrated solution of PACS is designed, and the function and application of each part of PACS based on the architecture is introduced. The PACS based on this mode is safe, stable, easy to manage and upgrade and convenient for use in telemedicine.

The antagonism of rhizoma gastrodiae to lead-induced damage of hippocampus in rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe and explore the antagonism of rhizoma gastrodiae (RGT) to the impairment of learning and memory ability induced by lead in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 12 rats in every group, (1) control group: treated with distilled water; (2) lead group: treated with lead acetate (0.1 g.kg-1.d-1); (3) lead-RGT group: lead acetate (0.1 g.kg-1.d-1) + RGT(4.0 g.kg-1.d-1). The ability of learning and memory of the rats was measured monthly by swimming test; 3 months later, the rats were decapitated and nitric oxide(NO) and total antioxidative capacity(TAOC) in hippocampus were measured immediately and the examination for pathology was also made.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) In swimming test, the number of seeking for anchorage in lead group(1, 2, 3 month: 10.10 +/- 1.10, 7.80 +/- 1.32, 5.40 +/- 0.97 respectively) were significantly decreased, compared with the control(P < 0.01); the number of seeking for anchorage in RGT-lead group(1, 2, 3 month: 11.90 +/- 0.95, 10.90 +/- 0.95, 9.70 +/- 0.96 respectively) were significantly increased, compared with lead group(P < 0.01). (2) NO (0.733 +/- 0.015) mumol/g pro and TAOC (0.945 +/- 0.017) U/mg pro in hippocampus of lead group were significantly decreased compared with the control(P < 0.01) whereas NO(0.769 +/- 0.021) mumol/g pro and TAOC(0.986 +/- 0.010) U/mg pro in hippocampus of RGT-lead group were significantly increased compared with lead group(P < 0.01). (3) Pathological examination showed that in lead group, marked atrophy in hippocampus, cellular denaturation and necrosis, dissolution and disappearance in axon were found. In lead-RGT group, the atrophy of hippocampus was not obvious, the cell morphology was nearly normal, no obvious abnormal changes were seen.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RGT is antagonistic to the impairment of hippocampus and of learning and memory ability induced by lead.</p>

An analysis of treatment effect on central bronchogenic carcinoma by means of interventional chemotherapy and embolization / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To analyze the treatment effects on the central bronchogenic carcinoma by means of interventional chemotherapy and embolization. Methods There were 60 pathologically proved cases of central bronchogenic carcinoma in mid or late period. After detecting the nourishing arteries of bronchogenic carcinoma with angiography, anticancer drugs were poured into the nourishing arteries. Then silk thread and gelform were used to embolize these arteries. Results The total effective rate of the treatment was 100% and the obvious effective rate was 80%. 33 cases were operated and chemotherapy performed after operation. 27 cases were given synthetic treatment. No one died in the follow up of 18-34 months. Conclusion Interventional chemotherapy and embolization is an effective and safe method in the treatment of central bronchogenic carcinoma. If synthetic treatment is taken, the treatment effect would be much better.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Leptomeningeal Metastasis of Gliomas / 中国医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of leptomeningeal metastasis of gliomas on magnetic resonance(MR) imaging and to provide evidence for clinical early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Twenty-one cases of intracranial gliomas with leptomeningeal metastases were scanned with conventional spin echo(SE) and fast spin echo(TSE),8 cases with fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR),and all of cases were operated with enhancement.Results ⑴ With MR plain scan,18 cases revealed vary range of distortion and illegibility structure of cerebral cistern and sulcus,and 6 cases revealed the asymmetrical enhancement of the wall of ventricle.Eleven meningeal neoplasms nodes were found in subarachnoid space in 7 cases,and some of the appearances could be seen in several cases.Eight cases of them were added with FLAIR,and the neoplasms nodes were showed more clearly and higher signal than TSE-T2W imaging.⑵ With MR enhancement,all cases with encephalic gliomas showed obvious enhancement with vary features of the enhancement of leptomeningeal metastasis,including tail sign(5/21),line sign(10/21),strip sign(3/21),node sign(7/21) and a few of cases included two signs.Conclusion It was very important for clinician to improve the cognition of MR imaging characteristics of leptomeningeal metastases of glioma,and to choose the proper MR imaging scan technique to increase the detection rate of early meningeal diseases.